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Byzantine art is the name for the artistic products of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, as well as the nations and states that inherited culturally from the empire. Though the empire itself emerged from Rome's decline and lasted until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453,^[1] many Eastern Orthodox states in Eastern Europe, as well as to some degree the Muslim states of the eastern Mediterranean, preserved many aspects of the empire's culture and art for centuries afterward.

A number of states contemporary with the Byzantine Empire were culturally influenced by it, without actually being part of it (the "Byzantine commonwealth"). These included Bulgaria, Serbia, and the Rus, as well as some non-Orthodox states like the Republic of Venice and the Kingdom of Sicily, which had close ties to the Byzantine Empire despite being in other respects part of western European culture. Art produced by Eastern Orthodox Christians living in the Ottoman Empire is often called "post-Byzantine." Certain artistic traditions that originated in the Byzantine Empire, particularly in regard to icon painting and church architecture, are maintained in Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Russia and other Eastern Orthodox countries to the present day.

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Icon of suffering and happiness

Meaning of Life icon. Trubetskoi also question the meaning of life from people starting to explain the double meaning of the icon. In his view, the essence of human beings and other different, people are "all creatures of the embodiment of hope, is another witness higher sense, therefore, in the inevitability of death, destined to rule the world war fight back and fight here reflects the problem of meaning of life. and people's lives more difficult the situation is grim, the meaning of life, the more sudden.

Ancient Russians in the face of war and oppression and time, had raised the problem of the meaning of life and thinking, these people are not philosophers, but can divine insight icons painter. They do not use language to express their own ideas, but with color. Do Ciyi Trudeau wrote in ancient Rose, countless tower but Ross trample troops pour so then remembered icon painter, "the image of the beast."

"Kingdom of the beast to the people also raised the eternal challenge: if you fall down and worship me, I'll give you all of it's all ancient Russian religious art is born and grew up in the fight against this test in. in response to this challenge, the ancient Russian icon painter through the image and paint, very bright and strong performance of the stuff that filled their hearts - this is the truth and the life on another world, another opinion insights.

Trubetskoi that Russia ancient Dekor long been regarded as merely manifestations asceticism content. At that time people can not understand Russia Dekor most essential thing - he convey to the world very happy.

After iconoclasm, Abraham hospitality paintings of Byzantine art is widely popular again. In the composition of these paintings, out there beyond the three angels to Abraham, his wife Sarah and the image of a servant, but the character of the position is different, some of the patriarch Abraham and Sarah at the front, some on the side of not between angels, there appears on the small screen.

The background is generally Abraham courtyard Mamre oaks and hills. Large local retention of the subject matter of ancient paintings are: Italy, Cathedral of Monreale ah Levin 12th-century mosaic of the Greek island of St. John Convent of Our Lady Bo Temo chapel. Bulgaria, Veliko Tarnovo 40 Martyrs church of Hagia Sophia in Ohrid, Macedonia. Furthermore, in some Christian books can also be seen in this illustration theme, in practical art, there are many similar composition.

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Jesus healing porch

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In a Jewish program, Jesus went to Jerusalem in Jerusalem near the Sheep Gate a pool, called in Hebrew, Bethesda, having five porches pool. In many patients lying there, there are blind, there is lame, and paralyzed. They wait for water action, because the Lord stir the water angel went down, after the water is, the first to go, no matter what the disease, will be able to recover.

There was a patient sick for a whole thirty-eight years. When Jesus saw him lie, and knew he was sick for a long time, I asked him: "Do you want to cure it?"


"Sir, when the water is, no one to put me into the pool: I want to go, when they always give others robbed before." The man replied.

Jesus sincere way to see him, said to him: "Get up, take your mat and walk!"
Hearing this, the man healed at once, holding his bed and left, with no difference between normal people.
That day is the Sabbath, so the Jews that the patient is cured, said:. "Today is the Sabbath, you took up the bed is not possible '


The man replied: "Yes I healed the man let me do."

"Who is he? 'Jew asked.

The man did not know who he is, so many people, and Jesus had avoided. Later, people know who to their treatment of him, they went and told the Jews. Since then, the Jews persecuted Jesus, because he did these things on the Sabbath. Jesus tells them: "My Father doing now, I do it." Hearing this, Jesus is hated Jews and wanted to kill him, because he not only undermine the Sabbath, and called to God his father.

Satan tempted jesus

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Jesus by John, after which it came back from the West, are led by the Spirit into the wilderness, tempted by the devil.

Jesus on the uninhabited wild a full forty days and nights fasting, do not eat or drink. Forty days later, he was hungry. Then Satan tempted Jesus came. He knew that Jesus at this most in need of food, he said to him:. "If you are the Son of God, you can tell these stones to become bread."

Jesus can put stones into bread, but he said: "it is written - Man does not live by bread alone, but by every word that God has spoken." Satan's first temptation failed.

Satan again Jesus into Jerusalem and had him stand on top of the temple, if you are the Son of God, cast thyself down, because according to scripture - the Lord will command his angels to you, holding your hand, lest your foot against a stone

Satan tempted Jesus in order to have not overexert heart. I did not expect Jesus said:. "Scripture also records - not put the Lord, your God"

Satan then took Jesus up into an exceeding high mountain, before the nations of the world splendor of the nations are pointed out to him, said:. "If you fall down and bow down to me, I'll give you all this."

He is not moved by these worldly splendor, Satan said: "! Satan, Stand back because the Scripture records - should worship the Lord your God, and to serve him."

Satan tempted and failed three times, Jesus had to leave in disgrace. This is the side of the angels went to Jesus, and ministered to him.

Jesus appeared

Or in this day, the disciples of Jesus, there are two people went to the village of Emmaus, which was from Jerusalem about twenty-five miles. They walk and talk about some things that have met recently. Are talking about, Jesus will be close to them, and their peers, but their eyes were confused, do not know him. Jesus asked them: 'When you walk in to talk about what things?

They stood still, looking sad, one disciple named Cleopas answered: 'Your guest in Jerusalem, and did not know what happened there these days it? '

What thing? : Jesus asked.

They said: 'Jesus of Nazareth is the thing. He was a prophet, before God and the people, speaking to act has a very special ability. Chief priests and rulers delivered him to be condemned to death, crucified. But we always look forward to going to redeem Israel who is she. Now he was dead for three days. Surprisingly, there are a few women said they to the tomb early this morning, his body was gone, but saw the Tainan City, said he resurrected. We have a few people came thither, and did not see his body. "

"Ignorant people that: 'He sighed and said:' The Prophet said everything, then you too slow of heart to believe such a victim of Christ, and to enter into his glory, should it not do '? he Speaking from Moses and the prophets, who developed his own scripture, expounded unto them understand.

When approaching the village of Emmaus, Jesus seems to still go on their way. They would retain him, said: 'days late, and we ask you to stay with it! "And he went up, and they want to live. To the seat, Jesus took bread, gave thanks, broke it, gave it to them. Their eyes suddenly opened, and they recognized that he was Jesus. But suddenly Jesus has gone.

Two of his disciples and said to each other aftertaste "'No wonder the way, she and speak to us, to our preaching, our hearts are hot."

They immediately got back to Jerusalem. They arrived, Zheng met eleven mentoring and their colleagues together. They talk, said: 'The Lord is risen indeed, and has appeared to Simon!

The two men also put time on the road and found Jesus in the breaking of bread out of the things they recognize, from start to finish to tell you again

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Icons Orthodox doctrine

Orthodox theologians Bulgakov in the characteristics outlined Orthodox writings, wrote: '' Every branch of Christianity around the world have their own unique talents: the Catholic Church has the authority to the organizers, Protestantism has daily life and intellectual honesty ethical order, Orthodox nation, first Byzantine and Russian, there is an insight into the beauty of the world of the gods in order. "

Orthodox icons are part of the traditional non-cut points. It must not only as conquests church interior decoration and Orthodox worship thing, but the Orthodox believers into everyday life, becoming a unique cultural and artistic traditions.
Orthodox icons of both theology and art. If the origin of retroactive icon,
It has both contact and differences between the early Christian art

Aesthetic sense of Christian symbols and symbolic first painting in the field of development. In early Christianity, and there is no sense that we are now icons. Moment of the beginning of the Christian underground tomb cave paintings ------ symbolic nature. Underground cave tomb early Jewish Christians modeled underground cave tomb built, Christians hiding in here to commemorate the martyrdom of those who held the liturgy and other activities.

Roman tomb underground cave art first Christian art, these murals are basically not what we are talking about icons (Christ, saints or biblical portrait of the history of the event), but a special symbol, they are used to express about the content of some idea of Christ and the Church, and the Old and New Testaments "Bible" Scripture and prayer book coincides godfather. Some of these symbols or themes from the "Bible" as the boat, fish, sheep, mouth rank olive branch dove, vines and other: some from polytheism, such as Orpheus. Of course, not painting Orpheus himself, it is important that he had to go to hell, to symbolize Christ come down to earth to save the human ancestor。. But these symbolic expression of the "Bible" in the image of the icon contains the seeds。

Later, Christian culture gradually absorbed, mastered the Greek culture of language used for Christian services. 3rd century AD, the underground Catacombs increase in number, and with inscriptions, frescoes inside. Gospel parable theme relief has been widely disseminated. Underground Catacombs of strokes is the oldest Christian art。

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